“It is better to have a kingdom ruined but loyal to God and the King, than to have it whole and in the hands of the devil and the heretics.”

About Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba

General • Spanish

Fernando Álvarez de Toledo was a Spanish noble, general, and diplomat who served three successive Spanish kings. He is best known for his military actions and his governorship of the Spanish Netherlands, where his harsh...