Juvenal, formally known as Decimus Iunius Iuvenalis, was a renowned Roman poet active in the late 1st and early 2nd century AD. He is best known for his collection of 16 poems known as the Satires, which offer a biting and critical look at the perceived vices and follies of Roman society. His works are a valuable source for understanding life in Rome under the emperors Domitian, Nerva, Trajan, and Hadrian. Juvenal's powerful and influential style of satire has left a lasting impact on Western literature, coining famous phrases like 'bread and circuses' and 'a sound mind in a sound body.'