Farouk I was the tenth ruler of Egypt from the Muhammad Ali dynasty and the penultimate King of Egypt and the Sudan. His reign began in 1936 and was marked by lavish spending and a controversial lifestyle, which alienated many of his subjects. Public discontent grew due to government corruption, British influence, and the defeat in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. He was ultimately overthrown in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 and forced to abdicate, living the rest of his life in exile.