Eugène Sue, born Marie-Joseph Sue, was a renowned French novelist of the 19th century. He is best known for his 'social novels,' which depicted the hidden struggles of the Parisian lower classes. His most famous works, The Mysteries of Paris and The Wandering Jew, were serialized and achieved immense popularity, influencing many subsequent writers. His writing combined sensational melodrama with sharp social commentary, making him a significant figure in the development of the serial novel.